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30%- destryos gland30%- trigger prolactin production25%- trigger
Growth hormone production10%- trigger ACTH production5%- trigger FSH or
LH production
major control system of the body. Any disease affecting the endocrine system will manifest and affect other parts of the body
Pancreas- low blood sugar from hormone or enzyme deficiency, liver
disease, drugs, insulinoma. The liver holds onto sugar more than it
should. Symptoms; tremors, cold sweats, headaches
the Islets of Langerhans
Parathyroid Gland-decreased PTH causes calcium levels in blood to
decrease leading to muscle and nerves inability to fire correctly,
numbness on the lips (perioral), decreased sensations of hands and feet.
Most often caused by accidental removal during surgery and congenital
absence
Adrenal Gland- HypoOpposite of Cushing's Syndromedecreased cortisol in
the blood causes inability to handle stress, hypotension (low blood
pressure), hyperpigmentation (tan skin), hypoglycemia (not enough sugar
in the blood)(JFK had this disease)
Pituitary Gland-not enough production of FSH or LH causing sexual immaturity, never reach puberty
excess hair growth in areas of the body that usually have fine hair
NOT A DISEASE, a symptom.very fast metabolism from hyperfunction of
the thyroid gland (Grave's disease causes 95%) causes nervousness,
anxiety, weight loss, intolerance to heat, increased sweating,
infertility, insomnia, tachycardia, goiters
tumor of the pituitary gland(usually causes hyperfunction)
Tumor of the pancreascauses increased insulin releas that leads to hypoglycemia
Parathyroid Gland-excess PTH causes calcium levels in blood to
increase leading to lethargy, convulsions, coma, kidney stones, peptic
ulcers, metastatic calcification (bone in soft tissues & muscles)
most often caused by tumors or renal disease
Protrusion of eyeballs from fatty deposits behind the eyeball
Thyroid Gland- Hypolack of Iodine in an adult causing decreased
thyroid hormone(T3&T4) leading to apathy, mental sluggishness, cold
intolerance, obesity, decreased bowel activity
Pituitary Gland-too much growth hormones in children (under age 25) causes bones to grow abnormally large
Both control systems of the bodyE: no direct contact with neurons,
slow, chemical= hormones, need receptors, utilizes blood stream for
distributionN: direct contact, fast, chemical=neurotransmitters, need
receptors
not enough production of a hormone
Thyroid Gland- HyperAutoimmune disease with antibodies to TSH
receptors. (antibodies dinde to the receptors of TSH on the cell
membrane causing the continuous pumping of TSH)causes thyrotoxicosis and
exophthalmos(Marty Feldman had thid disease)
Pituitary Gland-causes lack of urine production creating edema and increased UTI's
Pituitary Gland-causes excess urination leading to dehydration
Pituitary Gland-Cushings disease
to much production of a hormone
Pituitary Gland-too much prolactin in the blood causes lactation (both male and female)
Pancreas- Insulin dependent, begins early in life, autoimmune
destruction of beta cells , failure of insulin production, cells are not
being told to eat sugarfrequent urination, excessive thirst, weight
loss very severe, can lead to death
Pituitary Gland-not enough production of growth hormone causes bones not to grow
Pituitary Gland-causes fast metabolism, infertility, and hormonal rage issues
Pancreas- non insulin dependent, most common form, strong genetic
link, associated with obesity, cells ignore insulin causing increased
blood sugar. Leads to night urination, corenary artery disease, heart
attack, blindness, fatty liver (cells remove the indulin receptors
because they have an abundance of sugar)
Thyroid Gland- Hyponot enough thyroid hormone(T3&T4) in pregnant
women from a lack of Iodine causes the fetus of not develope the brain
and nervous system normallyRetardation, short stature, protruding tongue
Cancer in the gland (#1 cause)Increased levels of Trophic hormones
(only affects the Pituitary)Decreased feedback inhibition(monitor system
is broken and gland keeps producing)
Pancreas- (meaning: Urination, Honey flavored)Chronic metabolic
disorder from the decreased secretion or decreased sensitivity to
insulin
Pituitary Gland-too much growth hormone in adults (after growth plates
have fused) creates growth in the width of the bones not the length
Thyroid Gland- HypoAutoimmune disease that destroys the thyroid
glandcauses; goiters (painless enlarged gland) and same symptoms as
Myxedema
Least common, occurs when the initial stimulus results a response that
inhances the stimulus.(ex. contractions during birth escalate until
baby is pushed out)
Occurs most, when the action of the gland regulates the production of
the hormones.(ex. thermostate, AC, and temperature regulation)
Adrenal Gland- Hyperexcess ccortisol breaks down muscle and fat to put
sugar in the blood and prepare for stress, this causes redistribution
of fat to face and belly, elevated cholesterol, sodium retention,
euphoria, mania, psychosis, acne, hirsutism
chemical substance produced in the body which specifically regulates
the activities of organs and glands(the keys that fit the protein
receptor locks)
a structural protein molecule located on the cell membrane that fits a
specific hormone, antigen, or neurotransmitter and either excites or
inhibits an action
Lack of enzymes, Lack of receptors, Congenital absence, surgical destruction of gland, cancer, absence of trophic hormones
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